2023 Mid-Size Truck Safety Showdown: IIHS Crash-Test Ratings Compared
The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) has released its latest round of crash-test evaluations for mid-size pickup trucks, revealing significant differences in safety performance between crew-cab and extended-cab configurations. This comprehensive analysis breaks down the results and what they mean for truck buyers prioritizing safety.
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Understanding IIHS Safety Ratings
The IIHS evaluates vehicles through a series of rigorous tests, assigning ratings that help consumers compare safety performance. Here's what each designation means:
Top Safety Pick+ Requirements
- Good ratings in all five crashworthiness tests
- Automatic emergency braking rated Advanced or Superior
- Good or Average headlight ratings
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Top Safety Pick Requirements
Identical to Top Safety Pick+ except headlight ratings can be any score.
Good Rating
The third-highest rating, indicating solid but not exceptional crash protection.
2023 Mid-Size Truck Safety Ratings Breakdown
The latest IIHS testing evaluated crew-cab and extended-cab versions of four popular mid-size trucks:
| Truck Model | Crew-Cab Rating | Extended-Cab Rating | Notable Safety Features |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chevrolet Colorado | Good | Acceptable | Standard forward collision warning, available automatic emergency braking |
| GMC Canyon | Good | Acceptable | Similar to Colorado with additional luxury safety options |
| Toyota Tacoma | Good | Good | Toyota Safety Sense standard on all models |
| Nissan Frontier | Marginal | Marginal | Lacks many modern safety features found in competitors |
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Standout Performer: Toyota Tacoma
The Tacoma distinguished itself as the only truck to earn Good ratings in both cab configurations. Its standard Toyota Safety Sense package, which includes pre-collision warning with pedestrian detection, lane departure alert, and automatic high beams, gives it an advantage in safety technology.
Disappointing Performer: Nissan Frontier
The Frontier's Marginal ratings across the board highlight its outdated design. As the oldest model in the segment (last redesigned in 2005), it lacks many modern safety features that have become standard elsewhere.
Why Cab Configuration Affects Safety Ratings
The difference between crew-cab and extended-cab safety performance stems from several factors:
- Structural rigidity: Crew-cab models often have additional reinforcement
- Crush zones: Different cab lengths affect impact absorption
- Passenger protection: Rear seat safety varies by configuration
- Weight distribution: Affects crash dynamics
This explains why the Colorado and Canyon crew-cab models performed better than their extended-cab counterparts.
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How Mid-Size Trucks Compare to Full-Size and Compact Models
While no mid-size truck earned Top Safety Pick+ status, it's worth noting how they compare to other segments:
Full-Size Trucks
Several full-size trucks have achieved Top Safety Pick ratings, benefiting from their larger size and more advanced safety systems. The Ford F-150 and Ram 1500 both earned Top Safety Pick awards in recent testing.
Compact Trucks
The Honda Ridgeline remains the only truck of any size with a Top Safety Pick+ rating. Its unibody construction (shared with the Honda Pilot SUV) gives it crash performance advantages over traditional body-on-frame trucks.
Safety Features That Make a Difference
Beyond crash structure, these technologies significantly impact safety ratings:
- Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB): Can prevent or mitigate collisions
- Lane Keeping Assist: Helps prevent drift-related accidents
- Adaptive Headlights: Improve nighttime visibility
- Blind Spot Monitoring: Crucial for larger vehicles
Many of these features are optional on mid-size trucks but standard on higher trim levels.
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What These Ratings Mean for Truck Buyers
When shopping for a mid-size truck, consider these safety insights:
For Families
Crew-cab configurations generally offer better protection, especially for rear-seat passengers. The Toyota Tacoma stands out as the safest choice in this regard.
For Work Use
While extended-cab models may be more practical for some work applications, their lower safety ratings warrant consideration. Adding aftermarket safety features might be advisable.
For Value Seekers
The Frontier's low safety scores offset its lower purchase price. Budget-conscious buyers might consider a used truck with better safety ratings instead.
Future Improvements in Truck Safety
Manufacturers are working to address the safety gaps revealed by these tests:
- Standard AEB: Becoming more common across all trim levels
- Improved cab structures: Better protection for all configurations
- Camera systems: 360-degree views to compensate for blind spots
- Advanced materials: Stronger yet lighter construction
As these technologies trickle down, we can expect future mid-size trucks to achieve higher safety ratings.
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Expert Recommendations
Based on the IIHS data and market analysis, our safety recommendations are:
- Top Choice: Toyota Tacoma (all configurations)
- Good Alternative: Chevrolet Colorado/GMC Canyon (crew-cab only)
- Budget Option: Consider certified pre-owned trucks with better ratings
- Avoid: Nissan Frontier until next-generation model arrives
Always test drive and verify safety features as packages vary by trim level and model year.
Where to Find More Information
For complete test results, including detailed crash test photos and videos:
View Full Safety Comparison DataOr visit the official IIHS website for their complete vehicle ratings database.
